Window Sash Repairs
Window sashes need to be inspected regularly for signs of mold, mildew and other damage. You can reduce future repair costs by catching these issues early before they get out of hand.
The sash is the internal framing that moves vertically up or down in windows that open. This article will teach you how to do simple sash repairs.
Weather Stripping
Wood window sashes provide the classic look to your home and, when properly maintained, they will last for many years. However, they can become damaged or deteriorate in time due to exposure to the elements and wear and wear and tear. Sash repair experts can restore windows to their original state and keep them looking great much longer than replacement windows.
The first step in sash window repairs is addressing weather stripping, which can be found on both the sash as well as the frame. It can cause drafts if it's worn or loose. Start by identifying the window's brand and the date of manufacture for the glass (etched on the glass's corner or on the aluminum spacers between panes). Take the sash off, and mark its width and height so that you can purchase replacement weather stripping that matches.
Then, remove the sash and place it on a table so that you can reach all four sides. If the sash is double-hung, you must remove the ropes and weights that should have fallen into the pocket inside the jamb lining. After you've removed the sash using a utility knife, you can use it to cut away the weather stripping that was formerly in place at the corners, then take it off by hand or using a putty blade.
After the sash has been cleared and clean, you can put in the parting stops. These are long pieces that separate the sashes. Pam prefers to use the standard 1/2-inch by 3/4-inch window trim from the lumberyard. However, you could substitute with a scrap piece of wood.
After removing the stopper for the parting and trimming it to length and then apply a thin layer of glazing compound on the bottom of the sash. Smooth the compound with your putty knife, and allow it to dry for at least a day. Once it's fully cured and dried, apply a second coat of acrylic latex paint. This will protect the putty and give your sash a fresh look.
Sash Hardware
The hardware that supports the window sashes can wear out over time and with use. This can result in windows or doors that is difficult to open or close. The good news is that repairing and replacing this hardware is generally relatively easy and affordable. If a sash is difficult to operate you can try spraying some grease into the jamb channel then slide it open to see if that resolves the issue. If the problem persists it's most likely the sash balance. It is necessary remove the window sash in order to access the hardware.
Window sashes need to be able to open and close with minimal effort. However, this can be difficult if the weights are worn out or the sash-to rail meeting rail is not properly glazed. This issue can be due to a variety of factors that include a lack of maintenance and a mismatched weight rating.
If the hinge arms of a window begin to sag, this can cause the sash to drag and eventually hit the frame in the corner that's directly opposite the hinge arm (Photo 1). To fix this issue, first make sure the sash fits squarely in the frame's opening and then remove it from the window. If the sash is secured to the hinge arm, you'll have to unscrew the hinge arm and replace it (Photo 2). Install the new sash next (Photo 3).
Due to sagging hinges, and a general deficiency in energy efficiency, windows that are old especially in older homes, can be difficult to open and close. Many times it is a matter of making a few minor adjustments that can make these windows operate smoothly and help homeowners save money on energy bills.
It is crucial to have the tools you require before you begin. Begin by marking the location of the hinge channel on the frame using a pencil (Photo 1). This will help you to position the channel in the proper place when you are finished. Then, remove the sash, and then remove the hardware including the beads that separate (Photo 2) and the cords or chains that hold it in place. The nozzle shield of the heat gun and a medium setting can soften any putty that has been hardened. Take off the old sash and put it in a bag with a label.
Sash Weights
Sash weights can be changed to enhance the efficiency of your window sash, and also reduce energy costs. Sash weights consist of iron or lead cylinders that are encased in a hidden cavity and connected by a rope to the movable window sash. They function as counterbalances, which allows you to open and close the window without requiring mechanical or electrical devices. The sash weights are usually neglected or ignored by homeowners, and are turned into scrap when they fail; therefore you might need to locate replacements.
A sash weight that has fallen out of the cavity is difficult to get back, so you will want to find a replacement that fits properly. You will also need an additional piece of string, a length sash cord and some sash pulleys to connect the new sash weights the sash cord.
Older windows made of wood are joined with mortise and tenon joints. Hammers and pins can be used to remove the wood pegs that hold the parts together. The majority of them are large on one side and smaller on the other. It is important to remove first the smaller diameter sides. Later sashes utilized glue instead of pins. They can be cut with a knife and mallet.
After the sash is removed, you can take off the sash stops and gain access to the weight pockets. This is usually done via an opening at the bottom of each jamb. The hole is then covered with the wooden panel which can be removed to reveal the inner workings.
After the sash has been stopped and the access panel is removed, you can remove the weight you used and replace it. Weigh the sash first, as the weights you've got may not be of the right size. After the new weight is installed, thread an appropriate length of string through the pulling mechanism. Then, attach the string to the boxed frame. Leave a few inches protruding at the top of the string to allow future adjustments.
Sash Cords
The majority of double-hung windows with a history include a chain or cord attached to the weights which keeps the sashes level in the jamb. Over time, these cords can get damaged and render it impossible to raise the windows. A new sash cable will give you the ability to raise and lower the sash, and ensure it stays in place when it is opened.
To replace sash cords the first step is to remove the access panels from the jambs. They are usually fixed or screwed in and will require to be removed or moved. You might be able to employ a hammer and chisel to prise them off but it's best to lay down dust sheets prior to starting any work.
After the access panel has been removed, you can begin working on the sash. Take the narrow beads (also known as "tie rails") out of their grooves with the chisel or flat bar. It's important to take your time as they're often placed in a wedge or nail. If the sash is still in place, pry out the mortise and tenon joints with pin punch and hammer or screwdriver, then remove the wood pegs that are on the components. The sash should be able move freely, however it might require some lubrication in order to feel less stiff.
Measure the length of sash cord/chain needed to reach the sash slot at the bottom from the pulley on the top of the jamb. Cut the cord/chain and then attach it as described in the step 6 above. You can do this with a hammer, nails or screws. However, nails are less likely to cause damage.
Unless you've bought an upgrade kit to replace the old counterbalance system it's recommended to keep the original weights for balancing in place. They're not expensive and simple to install if you buy them at architectural salvage stores. Depending on the size and shape of your window, you might need to install one or two sashweights to keep it open.